SCIENCE ARTICLE
Efficiency of higher education institutions management and the labour market situation of graduates - an assessment of relations based on structural equation modelling (SEM)
 
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Economics, Stanisław Staszic State University of Applied Sciences in Piła, Poland
 
2
Department of Macroeconomics and Agricultural Economics at the Institute of Economics,, Poznań University of Economics, Poland
 
3
Department of Economics, Stanislaw Staszic State University of Applied Sciences in Pila, Poland
 
These authors had equal contribution to this work
 
 
Submission date: 2024-02-07
 
 
Final revision date: 2024-05-29
 
 
Acceptance date: 2024-06-06
 
 
Publication date: 2024-07-26
 
 
Corresponding author
Jan Polcyn   

Department of Economics, Stanislaw Staszic State University of Applied Sciences in Pila, Podchorazych 10, 64-920, Pila, Poland
 
 
Management 2024;28(1):190-220
 
KEYWORDS
JEL CLASSIFICATION CODES
H0
H4
H6
I2
J5
 
TOPICS
 
ABSTRACT
The aim of this publication is to assess the relationship between the effectiveness of university management and the graduate's position on the labor market. The implementation of the goal serves to verify the following hypothesis: the higher the effectiveness of educational institutions, the better the graduate's position on the labor market. Additionally, two specific goals were adopted: 1) identification of variables important for shaping the university's potential and the direction of their influence; 2) identification of variables important for shaping the graduate's position on the labor market and the direction of their impact. The study used a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, which perfectly relates observable variables to difficult-to-measure variables. The data concerns Poland and comes from the Scientific Achievement Assessment System and the Graduates' Economic Career Monitoring System. As a result of the analyses, it was confirmed that there is a positive relationship between the university's potential and the situation of graduates on the labor market. It was also shown that the factors influencing the improvement of the university's potential, which should be taken into account in the management process, are the following variables: expenditure on teaching activities and the share of the number of teachers with academic degrees in the total number of teachers. In turn, the improvement of the situation of graduates on the labor market is determined primarily by the extension of the average time of looking for a job.
 
REFERENCES (108)
1.
Abel, J. R., Florida, R., & Gabe, T. M. (2018). Can Low-wage Workers Find Better Jobs? SSRN Electronic Journal, 846. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3....
 
2.
Abraham, M., Auspurg, K., Bähr, S., Frodermann, C., Gundert, S., & Hinz,T. (2013). Unemployment and willingness to accept job offers: Results of a factorial survey experiment. Journal for Labour Market Research, 46(4), 283–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12651....
 
3.
Abramo, G., & D’Angelo, C. A. (2011). Evaluating research: From informed peer review to bibliometrics. Scientometrics, 87(3), 499–514. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192....
 
4.
Abramo, G., & D’Angelo, C. A. (2014). How do you define and measure research productivity? Scientometrics, 101(2), 1129–1144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192....
 
5.
Agencia Ejecutiva en el Ámbito Educativo, A. y C. (2020). The European higher education area in 2020: Bologna Process implementation report. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
 
6.
Altbach, P. G., & Wit, H. de. (2019). Too Much Academic Research Is Being Published. International Higher Education, 96, Article 96. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.20....
 
7.
Altmann, S., Falk, A., Jäger, S., & Zimmermann, F. (2018). Learning about job search: A field experiment with job seekers in Germany. Journal of Public Economics, 164, 33–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpub....
 
8.
Anderson, T. W., & Rubin, H. (1956). Statistical Inference in Factor Analysis. Undefined. https://www.semanticscholar.or....
 
9.
Antonelli, K., Steverson, A., & O’Mally, J. (2018). College Graduates with Visual Impairments: A Report on Seeking and Finding Employment. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 112(1), 33–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/014548....
 
10.
Ashford, R., & Biswas, S. (2010). Aid effectiveness, transaction costs and conditionality in the education sector. International Journal of Educational Development, 30(5), 481–487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijed....
 
11.
Autor, D. (2014). Skills, education, and the rise of earnings inequality among the “other 99 percent.” Science, 344(6186), 843–851.
 
12.
Baum, S., Ma, J., & Payea, K. (2013). Education Pays 2013: The Benefits of Higher Education for Individuals and Society. New York, NY: College Board.
 
13.
Benabou, R. (2008). Joseph Schumpeter lecture—Ideology. Journal of the European Economic Association, 6(2–3), 321–352. https://doi.org/10.1162/JEEA.2....
 
14.
Bloch, C., & Sørensen, M. (2015). The size of research funding: Trends and implications. Science and Public Policy, 42, 30–43. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol....
 
15.
Blumthaler, M., Ambach, W., & Daxecker, F. (1985). [Calculation of radiation dose in changes in solar UV-B radiation with regard to keratitis photoelectrica]. Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde, 186(4), 275–278. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008....
 
16.
Bollen, K. A. (1989a). Measurement Models: The Relation between Latent and Observed Variables. W Structural Equations with Latent Variables (s. 179–225). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/978111....
 
17.
Bollen, K. A. (1989b). Model Notation, Covariances, and Path Analysis. W Structural Equations with Latent Variables (s. 10–39). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1002/978111....
 
18.
Bowman, P. J. (2020). The Contingency Professor, the Tenured Professor, and the Generalist: Life as a Community College Political Scientist. Journal of Political Science Education, 16(1), 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/155121....
 
19.
Bożykowski, M., Izdebski, A., Jasiński, M., Konieczna-Sałamatin, J., Styczeń, M., & Zając, T. (2014). Ścieżki edukacyjne i zawodowe absolwentów Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. 17.
 
20.
Brzezicki, Ł., & Wolszczak-Derlacz, J. (2015). Ocena efektywności działalności dydaktycznej publicznych szkół wyższych w Polsce wraz z analizą czynników ją determinujących. Acta Universitatis Nicolai Copernici Ekonomia, 46, 123. https://doi.org/10.12775/AUNC_....
 
21.
Brzezicki, Ł. (2020). The Efficiency of Public and Private Higher Education Institutions in Poland. Gospodarka Narodowa, 304(4), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.33119/gn/12....
 
22.
Carpenter, C. R., Cone, D. C., & Sarli, C. C. (2014). Using Publication Metrics to Highlight Academic Productivity and Research Impact. Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 21(10), 1160–1172. https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.1....
 
23.
Ćwiąkała-Małys, A. (2010). Pomiar efektywności procesu kształcenia w publicznym szkolnictwie akademickim. Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego.
 
24.
Duncan, O. D. (1966). Path Analysis: Sociological Examples. American Journal of Sociology, 72(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1086/224256.
 
25.
Durán, J., & Biletta, I. (2016). Low-wage jobs – an efficient tool to combat unemployment? The European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Eurofund, Brussels. European Commission. Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs. (2010). Efficiency and effectiveness of public expenditure on tertiary education in the EU. Publications Office. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.....
 
26.
Elamir, E. (2020). Determinant indicators for labor market efficiency and higher education and training: evidence from Middle East and North Africa countries. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(1), 206-2018. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.1....
 
27.
Elamir, E. A. H., & Mousa, G. A. (2022). The interplay among higher education, technology, innovation and labour market efficiency: Middle East case. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 19(5), 416–441. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLIC.....
 
28.
European Commission. Joint Research Centre (2019). Study on higher education institutions and local development. Publications Office. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.....
 
29.
European Commission/EACEA/Eurydice. (2018). National student fee and support systems in European higher education: 2018/19. Publications Office of the European Union. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.....
 
30.
Fényes, H. (2020). Paid Work alongside Higher Education Studies as an Investment in Human Capital. Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal. https://doi.org/10.26529/cepsj....
 
31.
Milovanovitch, M., Lasagni, S., Karagiannis, S., Moussy, H. (2023). Education, Skills and Employment – Trends and Developments. Torino: European Training Foundation.
 
32.
Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, & Schnabel, C. (2016). Low-wage employment. IZA World of Labor. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawo....
 
33.
Geschwind, L., & Broström, A. (2014). Managing the teaching–research nexus: Ideals and practice in research-oriented universities. Higher Education Research & Development, 34, 60–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/072943....
 
34.
Guerrero, M., & Urbano, D. (2012). The development of an entrepreneurial university. Journal of Technology Transfer, 37(1), 43–74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961....
 
35.
Gunzler, D., Chen, T., Wu, P., & Zhang, H. (2013). Introduction to mediation analysis with structural equation modeling. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 25(6), 390–394. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn....
 
36.
Hicks, D. (2012). Performance-based university research funding systems. Research Policy, 41(2), 251–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp....
 
37.
Hodgson, G. M. (2006). What Are Institutions? Journal of Economic Issues, 40(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/002136....
 
38.
Holzer, H. J. (2013). Good Workers for Good Jobs: Improving Education and Workforce Systems in the US. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin-Madison, Institute for Research on Poverty (Discussion Paper No. 1404-13).
 
39.
Hoyle, R. H. (2012). Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: The Guilford Press, 754.
 
40.
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/107055....
 
41.
International Labour Organisation (2016). Education and labour markets (report). https://www.ilo.org/sites/defa....
 
42.
Jasiński, M., Bożykowski, M., Chłoń-Domińczak, A., Zając, T., & Żołtak, M. (2017). Who gets a job after graduation? Factors affecting the early career employment chances of higher education graduates in Poland. Edukacja, 143(4). https://doi.org/10.24131/3724.....
 
43.
Johnes, G., Johnes, J., Thanassoulis, E., & Kortelainen, M. (2009). Costs and Efficiency of Higher Education Institutions in England: A DEA Analysis. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 62. https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.2....
 
44.
Johnson, R. R., & Crews, A. D. (2013). My Professor is Hot! Correlates of RateMyProfessors.com Ratings for Criminal Justice and Criminology Faculty Members. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 38(4), 639–656. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103....
 
45.
Joreskog, K. G. (1971). Simultaneous factor analysis in several populations. Psychometrika, 36(4), 409–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0229....
 
46.
Kahneman, D. (2003). Maps of bounded rationality: Psychology for behavioral economics. American Economic Review, 93(5), 1449–1475. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282....
 
47.
Kinash, S., Crane, L., Capper, J., Young, M., Stark, A. (2017). When do university students and graduates know what careers they want: A research-derived framework. Journal of Teaching and Learning for Graduate Employability, 8(1), 3– 21.
 
48.
Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed). Guilford Press.
 
49.
Knight, F. H. (1952). Institutionalism and Empiricism in Economics. The American Economic Review, 42(2), 45–55.
 
50.
Koopmans, T. (1945). Statistical Estimation of Simultaneous Economic Relations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 40(232), 448–466. https://doi.org/10.1080/016214....
 
51.
Krajnakova, E., Pilinkiene, V., & Bulko, P. (2020). Determinants of Economic Development and Employability of Higher Education Institutions Graduates. Inzinerine Ekonomika-Engineering Economics, 2020, 31(2), 211–220.
 
52.
Lauder, H., & Mayhew, K. (2020). Higher education and the labour market: an introduction. Oxford Review of Education, 46(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/030549....
 
53.
Li, S., & Xie, X. (2016). An Empirical Study on Academic Capital of Faculty Based on the Academic Cooperation Network. https://doi.org/10.2991/msie-1....
 
54.
Loukkola, T., Peterbauer, H., & Gover, A. (2020). Exploring higher education indicators. European University Association, Brussels, 33.
 
55.
Lynch, M. (2021, czerwiec 16). 20 Reasons Why the American Education System is Failing. The Tech Edvocate. https://www.thetechedvocate.or....
 
56.
Machin, S., & McNally, S. (2007). Tertiary Education Systems and Labour Markets. A paper commissioned by the Education and Training Policy Division, OECD, for the Thematic Review of Tertiary Education, London.
 
57.
Maciejowska, I., & Sajdak-Burska, A. (2018). Rozwijanie kompetencji dydaktycznych nauczycieli akademickich: Wybrane praktyki. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/ha....
 
58.
Macri, J., & Sinha, D. (2010). How much influence do economics professors have on rankings? The case of Australia and New Zealand. Applied Economics, 42(12), 1559–1567. https://doi.org/10.1080/000368....
 
59.
Martin, M., Sauvageot, C., Tchatchoua, B., International Institute for Educational Planning, & UNESCO Institute for Statistics. (2011). Constructing an indicator system or scorecard for higher education: A pratical guide. International Institute for Educational Planning.
 
60.
Meador, D. (2019). What Teachers Can Do to Combat an Overcrowded Classroom. ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/teac....
 
61.
Moreno, P., Naciff Andrade, G., Angulo Meza, L., & Soares de Mello, J.C. (2015). Evaluation of Brazilian electricity distributors using a Network DEA model with shared inputs. IEEE Latin America Transactions, 13(7), 2209–2216. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLA.20....
 
62.
Morgan, M. S. (1990). The History of Econometric Ideas. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO978....
 
63.
Navracsics, T. (2019). Education and Training Monitor 2019. Publication Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 131.
 
64.
NCRMUK (Reżyser). (2016). Structural Equation Modeling: What is it and what can we use it for? (part 1 of 6). https://www.youtube.com/watch?....
 
65.
Newlyn, D. (2015). Are Professors Professionals? A Fresh Look at this Question. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 3(2), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.....
 
66.
North, D. C. (1993). Institutions, Transaction Costs and Productivity in the Long Run (9309004; Economic History). University Library of Munich, Germany. https://ideas.repec.org/p/wpa/....
 
67.
Obadić, A., & Viljevac, V. (2023). Labour market tightness and matching efficiency in different labour market segments – do differences in education and occupation matter? (EFZG Working Papers Series 2303). Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb. https://econpapers.repec.org/p....
 
68.
OECD (2012). Does Money Buy Strong Performance in PISA? OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/5k9fhm....
 
69.
OECD. (2018). Education for a Bright Future in Greece. OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/978926....
 
70.
OECD (2019). Benchmarking Higher Education System Performance. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/....
 
71.
OECD (2020). Education at a Glance 2020: OECD Indicators. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/....
 
72.
OECD (2023). Education GPS. Economic and social outcomes. https://gpseducation.oecd.org/....
 
73.
OECD (2023) : Review of Education Policies - Education GPS - OECD:Labour Market Outcomes. https://gpseducation.oecd.org/....
 
74.
Oreopoulos, P., von Wachter, T., & Heisz, A. (2012). The Short- and Long-Term Career Effects of Graduating in a Recession. American Economic Journal-Applied Economics, 4(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.4.....
 
75.
Ostoj, I. (2015). Labor market efficiency as one of the pillars of the global competitiveness of an economy – conclusions for the labor market regimes of the EU countries. Journal of Economics and Management, 20(2), 80-92.
 
76.
Pavlov, G., Maydeu-Olivares, A., & Shi, D. (2021). Using the Standardized Root Mean Squared Residual (SRMR) to Assess Exact Fit in Structural Equation Models. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 81(1), 110–130. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316....
 
77.
Pearl, J. (2010). Direct and Indirect Effects. arXiv:1301.2300 [cs, stat].http://arxiv.org/abs/1301.2300.
 
78.
Piper, D. W. (1994). Are Professors Professionals? The Organisation of University Examinations. Higher Education Policy Series 25. Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 1900 Frost Rd.
 
79.
Polcyn, J., & Gawrysiak, M. (2018a). Analysis of education system financial loss based on choices of i year univeristy students coming from vocational secondary schools in northern greater Poland. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 2(20). https://econpapers.repec.org/a....
 
80.
Polcyn, J., & Gawrysiak, M. (2018b). Analysis of the effectiveness of vocational education in terms of labour market demand in Poland. W A. Brelik, B. Czyzewski, K. Firlej, A. Hnatyszyn Dzikowska, E. Lewicka Kalka, & S. Stepien (Red.), VII International Scientific Conference Determinants of Regional Development (s. 228–259). Stanislaw Staszic Univ Applied Sciences. Pila. https://doi.org/10.14595/CP/01....
 
81.
Powell, B. A., Gilleland, D. S., & Pearson, L. C. (2012). Expenditures, Efficiency, and Effectiveness in U.S. Undergraduate Higher Education:A National Benchmark Model. The Journal of Higher Education, 83(1), 102–127. https://doi.org/10.1353/jhe.20....
 
82.
Plavgo, I. (2023). Education and active labour market policy complementarities in promoting employment: Reinforcement, substitution and compensation. Social Policy & Administration, 57(2), 235–253. https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.1....
 
83.
Rabe-Hesketh, S., Skrondal, A., & Zheng, X. (2007). Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling. 209–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0....
 
84.
Rawat, S., & Meena, S. (2014). Publish or perish: Where are we heading? Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 19(2), 87–89.
 
85.
Richardson, S., & Miller-Lewis, L. (2002). Low Wage Jobs and Pathways to Better Outcomes. New Zealand Treasury, Treasury Working Paper Series.
 
86.
Rocki, M. (2018). Rynkowa wycena absolwentów studiów ekonomicznych w Polsce. Ekonomista, 1, 89–102.
 
87.
Salzman, H. (2013). What Shortages? The Real Evidence about the STEM Workforce. Issues in Science and Technology. Washington, D. C.: National Academies.
 
88.
Santiago, P., Tremblay, K., Arnal, E., & Basri, E. (2008). Tertiary education for the knowledge society. OECD.
 
89.
Simon, H. A. (1991). Bounded Rationality and Organizational Learning. Organization Science, 2(1), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2....
 
90.
Smith, J.A. (2020). Improving transparency and reproducibility of patent landscapes: the Reporting Items for Patent Landscapes (RIPL) statement and other considerations. World Patent Information, 62, 101985. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wpi.....
 
91.
Spearman, C. (1904). „General Intelligence,” Objectively Determined and Measured. The American Journal of Psychology, 15(2), 201–292. https://doi.org/10.2307/141210....
 
92.
Stern, A. M., Casadevall, A., Steen, R. G., & Fang, F. C. (2014). Financial costs and personal consequences of research misconduct resulting in retracted publications. eLife, 3. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.....
 
93.
Suhr, D. (2006). Exploratory or confirmatory factor analysis? SAS Institute. http://www2.sas.com/proceeding....
 
94.
Tavares, R. S., Angulo-Meza, L., & Sant’Anna, A. P. (2021). A proposed multistage evaluation approach for Higher Education Institutions based on network Data envelopment analysis: A Brazilian experience. Evaluation And Program Planning, 89, 101984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eval....
 
95.
Thurstone, L. L. (1934). The vectors of mind. Psychological Review, 41(1),1–32. https://doi.org/10.1037/h00759....
 
96.
Tomlinson, M. (2008). „The degree is not enough”: Students’ perceptions of the role of higher education credentials for graduate work and employability. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 29(1), 49–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/014256....
 
97.
van Hooft, E. A. J., Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D., Wanberg, C. R., Kanfer, R., & Basbug, G. (2021). Job search and employment success: A quantitative review and future research agenda. The Journal of Applied Psychology,106(5), 674–713. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl000....
 
98.
Wang, J., & Shapira, P. (2015). Is There a Relationship between Research Sponsorship and Publication Impact? An Analysis of Funding Acknowledgments in Nanotechnology Papers. PLoS ONE, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journa....
 
99.
Williamson, O. E. (1999). Public and Private Bureaucracies: A Transaction Cost Economics Perspective. Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization, 15(1,), 306–342.
 
100.
Wolszczak-Derlacz, J. (2019). Efektywność i produktywność szkół wyższych. Centrum Studiów nad Polityką Publiczną UAM, Poznań, 52.
 
101.
Wright, S. (1918). On the Nature of Size Factors. Genetics, 3(4), 367–374. Zhang, G., Wu, J., & Zhu, Q. (2020). Performance evaluation and enrollment quota allocation for higher education institutions in China. Evaluation and Program Planning, 81, 101821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eval....
 
102.
Ankieta jednostki za lata 2013-2016 [Pomoc Systemu]. (2020). Pobrane 8 marca 2021 z: https://polon.nauka.gov.pl/hel.... (b.d.).
 
103.
Rozporządzenie Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego z dnia 22 lutego 2019 r. w sprawie ewaluacji jakości działalności naukowej (Dz.U. 2019 poz. 392). (b.d.).
 
104.
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli. (2015). Kształcenie i przygotowanie zawodowe kadr medycznych. Warszawa: Departament Zdrowia. https://www.nik.gov.pl/plik/id....
 
105.
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli. (2016). System oceny jakości kształcenia w szkołach wyższych. Warszawa: Departament Nauki, Oświaty i Dziedzictwa Narodowego. https://www.nik.gov.pl/plik/id....
 
106.
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli. (2021). Finansowanie szkolnictwa wyższego.Warszawa: Departament Nauki, Oświaty i Dziedzictwa Narodowego.https://www.nik.gov.pl/plik/id....
 
107.
The impact of education on wages and labour productivity. (2023, listopad 8). European Economic and Social Committee. https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/....
 
108.
EUR-LEX Communication From The Commission To The European Parliament, The Council, The European Economic And Social Committee And The Committee Of The Regions on a renewed EU agenda for higher education COM/2017/0247 final https://eur-lex.europa.eu/lega....
 
eISSN:2299-193X
ISSN:1429-9321 (1997-2019)
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top